Cell
Cell is the functional, biological and structural unit of all living organisms. It can also be defined as a self-replicating and autonomous unit as in organisms with single cell that can exist as an independent unit. It can also exist as a sub-unit in organisms with many cells like animals and plants. In these organisms cells perform specialized functions and is structure with membrane having proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids.
Activities of Cell:Complex life processes are carried out by cell. Compounds are synthesized or produced by cell. The compounds produced are utilized by cell. The cells select the materials entering them and toxic materials are excreted from cells. Cells grow and can be repaired also. Cells can duplicate and are replaced by their own parts. Varied activities with high specialization are performed by the cells. Cells are sensitive to heat, light, pressure or sound and synthesize a variety of materials.
Cells perform aerobic respiration and some types perform anaerobic respiration. The processes of cell require energy and cells generate energy. This energy is generated by controlled oxidation. Some organisms like plants, algae and bacteria generate energy by photosynthesis. Cells transmit electrical impulses and also produce antibodies. Foods and carbohydrates are oxidized and the energy generated is locked into mainly chemical structures like ATP (adenosine triphosphate).When energy is needed cell uses the ATP and chemical energy is released by breaking the ATP chemical structure. Then the cell should replenish the ATP supply with the oxidation of the food materials.
Cell Impairment can result in sickle cell anemia, brain damage, visual cycle impairment,mental impairment, immunodepression, impairment in insulin signalling and problems in developmental advances to mention a few.
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